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intelligence scheme, utilizing informants and infiltrators. It also proposed that local police, the military, and national intelligence forces engage in joint training exercises in preparation for various emergencies, including a guerrilla war. These training programs were designed for all major cities and implemented through the National Guard. In California, Governor Reagan established a special training school at San Luis Obispo and hired Louis 0. Giuffrida, who had set up a similar school for the army at Fort Gordon, Georgia, to run it. It was at San Luis Obispo that California trained its first SWAT team, modeled on the army’s Long Range Reconnaissance Patrols. The first shocking public display of a SWAT team in action came on live television in May 1978 when the Patty Hearst kidnappers were surrounded and killed in a furious firefight in south Los Angeles. During Reagan’s tenure as governor, the state engaged in various programs to enhance internal security. Among them were “Project: Safer California,” which proposed an array of mechanisms for managing political and social protest, including suspension of due process, mass arrests, mass trials, and preventive detention; and “Project Search,” a data bank of arrest records, linked first to a state network and later expanded nationwide. Jerry Brown squelched “Safer California” before it got off the ground, but the FBI adopted “Project Search” after the California trial run. In all of this Ed Meese, Reagan’s chief of staff, was in charge. FEMA now has commanding authority over all federal agencies in times of national crisis, including civil disturbances. In California, the McCarthyite witch hunts of the 1950s gave way to a domestic counterinsurgency program. Internal security went far beyond identifying and neutralizing “pinko agents in our midst” to include military-police action against homegrown “guerrillas and revolutionaries.” Meese played a major role in achieving this, and since Reagan became president, the schemes developed in California have been elaborated on at the national level. Consider the following: Shortly after Reagan took office, Meese, as counsel to the President, brought his old friend Giuffrida, by then a lieutenant general in the California National Guard, to Washington to take over the Federal Emergency Managecreated by President Carter in 1978 to streamline functions of federal agencies in the event of natural disasters, catastrophic industrial accidents, fires, etc. But Giuffrida had more ambitious ideas, and with the support of the White House rewrote earlier executive orders to elevate FEMA to commanding authority over all other federal agencies in times of national crisis, answering only to the President. Floods and hurricanes were shoved aside for the more challenging task of laying plans to cope with social unrest, “civil disturbances,” and creating a mechanism for the federal government’s participation in day-to-day law enforcement. The first public inkling of Giuffrida’s handiwork came last July from a horrified reporter at The Spotlight, the right-wing Liberty Lobby’s weekly. Citing “two patriotic army officers,” James Harrer revealed a top-secret Have Arrived/ It’s time to toss out the loose copies of 1984 Observers and start fresh with a complete set that will fit on your reference shelf. The 1984 bound volumes have arrived. What more perfect way to keep those articles you’ve been meaning to clip? And now, if your writing or art work appears in the Observer, you can show it off in a book. The 1984 bound volumes are $30 each. Bound volumes from 1967 to 1983 are also $30. Te.as Observer-booWWI Copies of Del Weniger’s THE EXPLORERS’ TEXAS are available at a reduced price to Observer readers. Regularly $24.95, The Explorers’ Texas features six col or plates, photographs, endnotes, and an index. It measures 8 3/4 by 11 1/4 and includes 222 pages. The special price to Observer readers is $20.00, which includes postage and tax. Phone orders, VISA, and MasterCard are accepted. Call or write: Eakin Press, P.O. Box 23066, 12 MARCH 22, 1985