ustxtxb_obs_1957_10_04_50_00005-00000_000.pdf

*8.95 9.45 .75.V4 111.60 cst 4,. 45 Dam Low Primo ea MI Othei Card ALSO HOLLYWOOD MUFFLERS, ‘ TAIL PIPES AND ACC6SORIES l4114. lb* MAW Nam EMPLE CENTER 10TH STORES OPEN ALL DAY SATDIDAYt 4,3$ DRIGOS ROAD MN MON. and THURS. NIGHTS 71L * TWO Stores HOUSTON, TEXAS UMW For Your Plastic Pipe Needs CALL OR WRITE: W. H. Jones Electric Company 8541 MONROE ROAD Houston, Texas HUdson 6-1474 POLYETHYLENE POLYVINYL CHLORIDE AND KRALASTIC LOW !INITIAL COST LOWEST MAINTENANCE TEXAS AND LITTLE ROCK \(Continued from Page judge Ben Connally conferred late last week with attorneys for both sides in the suit filed by parents of two Negro school children seeking their admittance to a white school that is nearer to their homes than the nearest Negro school. Connally said he will return his decision “within the next month or so.” He said his decision will not be affected by Little Rock, Mansfield, Clinton, or other such episodes but will be based on the law alone. The school board accepts the Supreme Court decision as binding but asks for more time. Cycling Along Huffman Talks Close-Schools Plan MARSHALL, AUSTIN Rep. Reagan Huffman of Marshall, announcing a meeting of East Texas legislators next week to plan for the passage of more segregation bills, says they will be designed so “we will be in a position to close the public schools and open up private schools.” The East Texans will have a breakfast meeting the morning of Oct. 15, the day after the special session opens. Rep. Joe Chapman of Sulphur Springs is to be principal speaker at a Citizens’ Council meeting on the courthouse lawn at Palestine Monday at 7:30 p.m. Huffman favors a new fight for bills authorizing the state to pay state funds for pupils’ tuition at private schools and compelling the attorney general to defend state agencies against integration suits. Huffman said the segregationists want to get these bills passed at the special session. This could be done only by persuading Gov. Daniel to put such measures on his emergency calendar. Another segregation 1 e a d e r, Rep. Jerry Sadler of Percilla, wants Gov. Daniel to call a second special session on segregation immediately after the one on lobby controls and water conservation. Daniel has not commented. THE TEXAS OBSERVER Page 5 Oct. 4, 1957 around the neck and rode him to the ground, while another kicked him in the chest. Police were cycling down to 14th and Park in a leisurely manner and made some arrests after the mob had spent most of its impulse to violence. While this was going on. the Negro students slipped into the school at a side entrance on 16th Street. The mob, thwarted, then turned on reporters. They were especially eager to find staffers from Time and Life magazines, which are especially resented in the South, but all “Yankee reporters” were fair game. Francis Miller, a Life photographer, was surrounded by a crowd and knocked out by a clip on the chin. Placed i a paddy wagon with two of the rioters, Miller was beaten all the way to the police station. “My body looks like a zebra’s” he said. After several hours of this, with the mob’s rage mounting, the Negro students were spirited off and the crowd dispersed. Tuesday Eisenhower federalized \(in part called out the 101st paratroopers. The school grounds were occupied Tuesday night. Wednesday the students were escorted to the school in a military staff car and taken up the stairs into the front door under a bayonet guard. Throughout the day there were violent outbursts; persons young and old were driven back from the school area, sometimes at bayonet point. Two Negro boys ambled into the area and were chased three blocks by a gang of 20 white boys and two white women as a woman in a waitress’s white uniform shouted to them, “Go git ’em! Go git ’em!” \(They didn’t “git ’em” only because reporters were behind them, and troopers behind the `Calmer’ How does this affect Texas and Governor Price Daniel? Daniel stated his position at El Paso this week. “I certainly would not call the National Guard or soldiers to control a high school campus and conduct children to classes with bayonets,” he said. “Of course, here in Texas we would have sent a couple of Texas Rangers to handle the situation.” He said he felt neither Eisenhower nor Faubus “exhausted every means at their command to avoid the present explosive situation.” He said a “calmer, cleaner” attitude of the people toward integration will make “troops, machine guns, and bayonets” unnecessary in desegregating schools. He said he thought it “unfortunate” that Faubus “thought it necessary to” call out the Guard and “doubly unfortunate” that Eisenhower sent in the troops “for the first time since Reconstruction days.” More federal bayonets throughout the South “will actually slow down integration and could destroy the public school system in some states. I sincerely hope the situation will be handled in such a way to preserve the school systems of the state and maintain good relations many people throughout the South have worked to establish,” he said. The AP said he told reporters outside agitators are to be condemned and integration is best “if it’s left to local people.” Whether this constitutes a substantially new position for the Governor is debatable. He seethed to be saying in part that local people need to adapt to court orders, even if this means integration. The question is whether this attitude is widespread enough to prevent the crystallization of mobs in Dallas and Houston. On the other hand, Rep. Jerry Sadler told the Palestine HeraldPress that, in private conversation with him, Daniel told him he “had nothing but the highest praise for the stand taken by … Faubus on segregation.” Sadler said alsoaccording to the Palestine paper that Daniel said: “Faubus has done as much to strengthen the cause of the South as all the others put together.” If this, rather than the remarks in El Paso, more accurately reflects Daniel’s frame of mind, it is not inconceivable that he might order out the Texas Rangers to prevent integration in the name of law and order, as Governor Shivers did last year in Mansfield. One can infer from his statements, however, that he Young Demos Prompt Price DENTON The state executive committee of the Young Democratic Clubs of Texas, meeting Sunday afternoon at the Southern Hotel in Denton, voted to send this letter to Gov. Price Daniel: “Dear Sir: “The executive committee of the Young Democratic Clubs of Texas calls your continued attention to the disastrous conditions prevailing in Arkansas. We sincerely recommend that you use all your resources to see that those conditions do not occur in Texas. “We ask that you take a positive stand as Governor of Texas, and that you make a clean-cut statement of policy and of your views, and that in your statement you ally yourself unmistakably on the side of constitutional goyernxnent and against mob rule. “We earnestly recommend that you follow explicitly the Program of the national Democratic Party in this matter and that you handle this grave matter with firm leadership and unequivocal directness.” would seek to exhaust every loth& means before he did this. And the Bums? Daniel, in a wire to Eisenhower, asked whether he means to “occupy with troops every nonintegrated school in the South.” He was, he said, “shocked at your action in Arkansas,” which, he said, was “reminiscent of the tactics of Reconstruction days, which even President Lincoln opposed. It was not until force and federal troops were removed that peace, order, and respect for the law returned to the South. So will it be this time.” As though in reply, Eisenhower Wednesday of this week released a set of four rules which spell out the position of the executive branch in future crises like Little Rock. Those principles, in effect: 1.Local communities make plans for desegregation, but the Department of Justice participates in enforcement of court orders for integration. 2.The courts pass on the reasonableness of the speed with which local authorities decide to carry out integration. 3.The final order of a federal court effectuating a school board’s integration plan “must be obeyed by state authorities and all citizens as the law of the land.” 4.”Powers of a state governor may not be used to defeat a valid order of a federal court.” The governors have primary ‘ responsibility for maintaining domestic order. “However, under a pretext maintaining order, a governor may not interpose military force or permit mob violence to occur so as to prevent the final order of a federal court from being carried out.” When this happens, the President “is obliged to use whatever means may be required by the particular situation.” In calling for a “calmer, cleaner” attitude among the people, Daniel was like the fellow who told a Nashvile reporter there was no use going to Little Rock, those were good people who wouldn’t countenance disorder. The reporter said he replied: “To hell with the people, what about the bums?” The lines are drawn, and all Texas can do is wait and see. MARTIN ELFANT Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada Suite 201 Century Building 2120 Travis, Houston 2, Texas CA 4-0686 ID 3-1210 Houston Press For Lobby Code HOUSTON The HoUston Press has joined the crusade for a state lobbyist registration and control bill with real gusto. The Piss has published a sedies of sib articles on the Austin lobbyists by staff writer Bob Bray, formerly the Observer’s associate , ettitbr: Editoriagy the Press says: “The Vress believes that the proper cptrol of lobbyists is important tb the future welfare of our state. “Texas ! needs a lobby control act, and ‘even the lobbyists cannot deny it …. They answer only to the special interest they represent This business of ” `influencing legislation’ must as a very minimum be brought completely out into the open. “…. The public has a right to representsand how much money he is spending in Austin. “All of us must be sick of corruption in government. Nothing protects and nurtures corruption like the anonymity we now have in the Third House.” In Little Rock, the school board proposed to the federal court a plan for extremely gingerly trial integration of a few students in the high school. The court approved it. A Citizens’ Council group protested, but the court dismissed their action and integration was scheduled to proceed, as it had in other Arkansas districts before then. The night before school was to start Gov. Faubus went on television, said he had evidence of . impending violence at Central High, and called out the National Guard. The next day the Negro students were turned away at gunpoint. The guardsmen stood fast for three weeks while the Eisenhower Administration worked through the courts and finally obtained, on Friday two weeks ago, a court order enjoining Faubus from further interfering with integration and ordering him to withdraw the Guard. The Guardsmen were withdrawn. Monday morning at Central High only about fifty Little Rock and state policemen were on hand. Four Negro newspapermen came down 16th Street toward the school in a diversionary movement. The mobthe fused snarling acting-together mobchased them the two city blocks down Park Street in front of the school and caught them at 14th. There they were beaten and kiCked: a rioter grabbed one reporter RELIABLE REAL ESTATE SERVICE Arthur Hajecate METROPOLITAN REALTY CO. 4340 Telephone Road HOUSTON, TEXAS