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Let those flatter who fear, it is not an American art. JEFFERSON a e ae .74ottand Bartlett Appears Exclusively in The Texas Observer TEXAS ROLE AGAIN DISCUSSED Washington Merry-Go-Round &xtts Mistrurr Zg 6 For lack of perhaps one vote out of every thousand cast, the eight million people of Texas may have to niggle along for two more years under the out-of-state corporate rule that has despoiled Texas for two decades. It is, even so, very heartening that the people have so nearly rousted out the controlling group. The results were warning to all officeseekers in Texas who would malign labor and Negroes. They were warning to all who would seek a high Democratic nomination and then endorse the national Republican nominees. As we go to press an election contest seems in the offing. At such a phase, with so much at stake, both sides find their concern for the supremacy of the majority will weakening -. We hope that we do not again in Texas descend to the moral level of another election contest in which the standard rationalization was, “it was merely a question of who stole the most votes.” If there was any fraud, let us have it out, but only that the majority’s choice prevail. The worst aftertaste of the campaign is left by the shabby opportunism of Senator Daniel. Upon learnt ing that vital Harris County had given Yarborough a majority, Dant Tel was reduced to blaming “labor unions and the NAACP.” He explained Yarborough’s wonderful showing as “the work of national organizations.” on Unity If the liberals of Texas learn nothing else from the runoff last Saturday, we devoutly hope they learn that liberalism in Texas and liberalism in the nation are not politically separable. The traditional existence of two liberal campaign groups, one which works for liberalism in state elections and another which campaigns for the Democratic nominees nationally, does not conform with the practice in many other states and is ideally designed to perpetuate the reactionary authority in Austin. For decades the Democratic leadership in Texas has shrugged and assented to the unwholesome and anti-social objectives of the few massive corporate interests that rule Texas in exchange for these interests’ support in congressional and senatorial elections. Only by a pulling together of the campaigns for state and national liberals can people put a stop to this double-dealing. AUGUST 1956 Incorporating The State Observer, combined with The East Texas Democrat Ronnie Dugger. Editor and General Manager Bob Bray, Associate Editor Sarah Payne. Office Manager Published once a week from Austin, Texas. Delivered poetage prepaid 34 per annum. Advertising rates available on request. Extra copies 10c each. Quantity orders available Entered as second-class matter April 26, 1937. at the Post Office at Austin. Texas, under the act of March 3. 1879. We will serve no group or party but will hew hard to the truth we find it and the right as we see it. We are dedicated to the whole truth, to human values above all interests, to the rights of man as the foundation of democracy : we will take orders from none but our own conscience. and never will we overlook or misrepresent the truth to serve the interests of the powerful’ at cater to the ignoble in the human spirit. A man who himself received only half the votes of the people of Texas can ill afford to insult the other half, to deprecate their intelligence and their integrity. Price Daniel needs to learn respect for human beings as individuals -with their own convictions, whether they voted for him. or not. His pouting, childish performance of Saturday night will be long remembered. Even worse was Daniel’s obscene “boast” that Negro areas voted for Yarborough. This is simply , beneath comment. Yarborough did not convince us that Daniel was guilty, in a moral sense, in the Texas land and insurance scandals, and we believe he was unfair in trying to do so. He did make a fair and convincing case that Daniel was not sufficiently attentive to his job when he was attorney general, and there was legitimate doubt that Daniel would have exposed friends of Governor Allan Shivers, since the Shivers organization gave Daniel the core of his strength. The really pertinent Shivers-Daniel connection is their ideological alignment with the major financial interests. This Yarborough mentioned obliquely on several occasions. Obviously Democrats were thoroughly exasperated with Daniel’s mentally mealy attitude toward the Stevenson-Kefauver ticket. Yarborough’s fine showing is a significant indication that the Democrats will carry Texas in November. Odd 2Wa y We always pause a long time before criticizing our colleagues in the daily press. They work hard at doing their jobs under often very trying circumstances. This week, however, we felt compelled to call atten-: tion, in a news story, to the inexplicable delay in the reporting of W. Lee 0.’,Daniel’s M on day night broadcast that his supporters should vote for YarborOugh so O’Daniel could beat Yarborough in November. It was mid-week before oblique references to O’Daniel’s position began creeping into news stories. Thursday morning a short front page story in the Austin American reported the factsonly it was an AP story out Galveston. The AP quoted O’Daniel’s position, and Saturday morning the AP left no doubt about what O’Daniel was recommending. But it was a long time a’coming when the chips were really down. Staff correspondents: Ramon Garces, Laredo; Clyde Johnson, Corsicana ; Mike Mistovich, Bryan ; Jules Loh, Central Texas ; Jack Morgan, Port Arthur ; Dan Strewn, Kenedy ; and reporters in San Antonio. Dallas, El Paso, and Big Spring. Staff contributors: Franklin Jones, Marshall; Minnie Fisher Cunningham, New Waverly : Robert G. Spivak. .Vashington, D.C. : John Igo, San Antonio; Edwin Sue Goree. Burnet; J. Henry Antonio ; Edwin Sue Goree, Burnet ; and others. Staff cartoonist: Don Bartlett, Austin. Cartoonists : Bob Eckhardt, Houston : Etta Hulme, Houston. MAILING ADDRESS: 504 West 24th St. Austin. Texas. :EDITORIAL AND BUSINESS OFFICE: 504 West 24th St., Austin. Texas. TELEPHONE in Austin : GReenwood 7-0746. HOUSTON OFFI 3: 2501 Crawford St. Houston, Mrs. R. D. Randolph. treasurer. WASHINGTON Many inquiries have been received about the last hectic day of the Chicago conventionwas it really an open race ? Did the Democrats plan it that way ? What really happened behind the scenes when Estes Kefauver finally nosed out Senator Jack Ken nedy for vice president ? . For sheer drama, no other political race in years has come nyvhere near the Chicago windup. So here is the full story of that exciting photo finish: After Adlai Stevenson notified the convention that the choice of vice president would be -wide open, Speaker Sam Rayburn and Senator Lyndon Johnson of Texas were indignant. They had managed to keep the civil rights issue from splitting the Democratic Party; now they feared ballot after ballot over the vice presidency would prolong the convention, arouse bitterness. They urged Stevenson to change his mind. He refused. Rayburn and Johnson therefore contacted the major delegationsNew Drew Pearson York, Illinois, etc.,and arranged that each state would vote for whomever it pleased on the first ballot, then ditch favorite sons and narrow the race down to the two leading contenders. Frantic NightThere followed a night of frantic maneuvering. Johnson and Rayburn put in call after call trying to block Kefauver. They did not know that Kefauver almost did not run Kefauver’s decision came just after 1 a.m. Within an hoUr, political lieu tenants rounded up 700 people for a 2 a.m. rally in the Conrad Hilton Hotel. Delegate after delegate bobbed up to tell how important it was to nominate “Keef” Early next morning, Senator Albert Gore of Tennessee, encouraged by Rayburn and Johnson, asked Governor Clement of Tennessee whether he would step aside as a candidate., give Tennessee’s votes to Gore. Clement hedged. Later he stepped aside. Senator Hubert Humphrey of Minnesota scurried for votes. His own Minnesota delegation was against him. But as the bi,lloting started, Neil Stabler, a Miciiigan delegate, went to Kefauver’s headquarters at the Stock Yards Inn anti proposed that Kefau ver give Humphrey the Minnesota votes as a courtesy. Kefauver advisers were opposed … but Kefauver ruled otherwise. The First Ballot At 12 o’clock noon Kefauver had time to take a shower and change his clothes. He had been up most of the night. In a nearby room in the Stock Yards Inn, Senator Kennedy began to run the water in his bathtub. He, too, had been \(ip most of the night. The balloting began. Kennedy rolled up surprising strength-304 votes. Big Blocs of Southern votes went for himGeorgia, Virginia, Arkansas states which in 1928 attacked Al Smith beCause of his religion. Humphrey trailed with only 134 votes. Gore polled 178; Kefauver led with 483%. New Jersey, Texas, Tennessee, other states streamed off the convention floor to caucus. United Press’s. Pat Wiggins, who someday will be a better newsman than her daddy, Editor Russ Wiggins of the Washington Post, pulled a “Drew Pearson” and got inside the secret Texas caucus. Bill Hobby, son of Oireta Culp Hobby of .Houston, Texas, dared her to go in. Nobody recognized her, Lyndon Johnson was presiding. Gerald C. Mann of Dallas spoke up for Senator Kennedy of Massachusetts. There were boos. Rep. Wright Patman of Texarkana spoke up for Kefauver. “We can’t sell Kennedy in Texas,” he said. There was some favorable reaction. Sam Rayburn was called on. “We’ve got a choice of two men Kennedy and Kefauver,” he said, “and I’m for Kennedy.” This clinched it. Johnson backed Kennedy. In two minutes the boos were changed to unanimous approval.’ Rayburn and Johnson had spoken. Kennedy had almost unseated Lyndon Johnson as Democratic leader of the Senate by knifing his fellow Democrat, Congressman Foster Furculo, when Furculo ran against GOP Senator Saltonstall in Massachusetts. Asa result, Saltonstall won, and Johnson clung to his leadership by a narrow one-vote margin. Old Guard hatred of Kefauver is intense, however, and Johnson was out to block him. \( But the Kennedy bandwagon sputtered after a daring try, and Kefau