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-0.0 1-C 1-4ZZ-4ZZ .0. Y N Y N N N Y N Y Y. N Y Y N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 6. $20-PerPe rs on Inc ome Ta x Cu t Po wer Pr o jec t in a Na t io na l Par k 8.90 Perce n t Fa rm Pa r ity 9.Dem oc r a ts ‘ New Hig hw ay Prog ra m 10.135,000 Pu b l ic Hous ing Un its 13. Increase in Air lines ‘ Su bs id ies I. Y N N N N Y N N N N N N N N Y N Y N Y N N N N N Y Y N N N N N N 15r. A Y N Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y N 1-0-0-0 -0 1-C Z.@C N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y N 1-4 1-0-1 1-4 1-0> 1-0-4 N N Y N, Y Y N N N N N N N N N Y Y N Y Y N How V Texans Voted TEEN SELECTED ISSUES DURING THE FIRST SESSION OF THE 84TH VOTING RECORD OF TEXAS SENATORS AND CONGRESSMEN ON FOUR.. 5. Exp ans io hs o f Na tion a l Prep a r e dnes s WASHINGTON Texas’s 24 elected representatives in Congress are generally internationalist on foreign policy, but on domestic issues they vote more frequently as conservatives than as liberals. The 23 Congressmen \(not counting House Speaker Sam Rayburn, who does to internationalist causes on three out of five foreign policy and national security issues, and to conservative causes on six out of nine domestic issues. This subjective judgment is based on a study of how Texas senators and representatives voted on 14 key issues of the first session of the 84th Congress. Readers who might disagree with the political nomenclature \(there certainly being comment on the issues in another story on this page, where it is explained how the four categoriesinternationalist, isolationist, liberal; and conservativewere related to the issues selected. In the Senate,’Majority Leader Lyndon Johnson voted as an internationalist straight down the line and cast only two conservative voteson conservation and subsidies to big businesson the domes tic front. Sen. Price Daniel, on the other hand. voted as an isolationist in all but one instancestrengthening the Marine Corpsand as a conservative in all but one instancethe Democratic highway Interpretive THE TEXAS OBSERVER Page 3 September 7, 1955 \( The Stump is on Page 7. this . . T HE OBSERVER’S study of 14 key issuesfour House issues, four Senate issues, and six House-Senate issuesindicated that the most liberal and most internationally minded of the 23 Texas Congressmen included in the study was Rep. Clark Thompson of Galveston. Thompson, a 59-year-old Galveston businessman now in his fifth term in Congress, voted either as a liberal or as an internationalist on all ten of the House issues. Patman ran him a close second, deviating from Thompson’s pattern only on Alaskan-Hawaiian statehood. Reps. Jack Brooks of Beaumont, Olin Teague of College Station, Jim Wright of Weatherford, and Homer Thornberry of Austin and Sen. Johnson also had strongly liberal-internationalist r e c or d s, varying from Thompson’s record on only two issues out of ten. There was no single leading conservative-isolationist in the 23-man group, but Reps. John Bell of Cuero, Dies, and Walter Rogers of Pampa and Sen. Daniel all cast eight conservative-isolationist votes and two liberal-internationalist ones. One interesting aspect of the record of Texas’s representatives in the 84th Con gress is the record of the five freshmen CongressmenAlger, Bell, Joe Kilgore of McAllen, J. T. Rutherford of Odessa, and Wright. The four Democrats in the group all gave substantially greater support to their party than their predecessorsJohn Lyle, Lloyd Bentsen, Ken Regan, and Wingate Lucas. And three of the five, Bell, Rutherford, and Wright, gave sub stantially greater opposition to President Eisenhower than the men they replaced. G.F.J-. Table notes Where no vote is shown, the issue did not come up in the legislative chamber indicated. “Y” means “Yes” on the issue as stated in this table; “N” means “No” on the issue as stated in this table; “A” means absent. Senator Johnson’s two absences were occasioned by his heart attack late in the session. A further discussion of these i s sues may be found elsewhere on this page. The Fourteen The voting chart which appears elsewhere on this page shows how Texas’ two United States Senators and 21 of her 22 representatives voted on 14 important issues of the first session of the 84th Congress. The one Texas Congressman who isn’t listed on the chart is the Fourth District’s Sam Rayburn, who again served as Speaker of the House. The Speaker is eligible to vote on the legislation before the House but by custom does not exercise the privilege. In addition to. the Texas delegation in Congress, the chart lists the voting record peatedly rated the best of the 96 Senators in polls of newspapermen and political scientists, and the record of Rep. of the Democratic majority in the House of Representatives. The position taken by President Dwight Eisenhower in public statements on each of the 14 key issues is also given in the chart. The votes of the legislators are indicated by “Y” for “Yes” and “N” for “No,” with “A” denoting an absence during a vote. On issues one through five, a yes vote is generally regarded as internationalist, a no vote as isolationist. Among the domestic issues, a yes vote is regarded as liberal on numbers six and eight through twelve, conservative on numbers seven, thirteen, and fourteen; and, of course, vice versa. For purposes of clarity, the 14 issues were re-stated in the chart as simple propositions. However, in legislative debates, recorded votes often occur on amendments to recommit a bill, substitute proposals, or motions to kill a plan which then passes by a voice vote. Here is a more detailed study of the 14 issues and a record of how the voting went in legislative debate: 1. Reciprocal Trade. The House vote is on the motion of Rep. Smith \(D to prohibit crippling amendments to H. R. 1, the bill extending the life of the Reciprocal Trade Act for three years and giving the President new authority to cut Senate Daniel Johnson DOUGLAS EISENHOWER Alger Bell Brooks Burleson Dies Dowdy Fisher Gentry Ikard Kilday Kilgore Mahon Patman Poage Rogers